From: "Londa Schiebinger" <schieb@stanford.edu>
To: "genderedinnovations@lists.stanford.edu" <genderedinnovations@lists.stanford.edu>;
Sent: 2023-08-14 (월) 01:34:40 (UTC+09:00)
Subject: [Gendered Innovations] Happy reading--
1. Job postings from Leiden University, Dr. Eduard Fosch-Villaronga
The eLaw Center for Law and Digital Technologies is looking for 1 postdoc and 2 PhDs to work on the ERC Starting Grant SAFE and SOUND: Towards Evidence-based Policies for Safe and Sound Robots. The ERC SAFE & SOUND works out a mechanism capable of matching emerging technology to regulation and vice versa by heralding a practical and dynamic route to identify regulatory gaps for specific care robot technologies through inclusive and collaborative mechanisms, test these gaps in experimental settings featuring future-facing mitigation strategies, and reuse the data generated for robot evidence-based policies. The project page can be found here. In it, you will be able to access the information you need to know what the project will be about. The motivation letter for the opening positions need to build on the information found there. Job Openings
●Postdoc on Data Science: https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/vacatures/2023/q3/13907-postdoc-on-law-data-science-robotics--ai-08-10-fte
●PhD on law and exoskeletons: https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/vacatures/2023/q3/13905-phd-on-law--robotics-physical-assistant-robots-08-10-fte
●PhD on law and social robots: https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/vacatures/2023/q3/13906-phd-on-law--robotics-social-robots-08-10-fte
2. Gender (in)equity in global mental health research: A call to action The Women in Global Mental Health Research Group, coordinated by Kelly Rose-Clarke1 In this commentary, we build on work by Gurung and colleagues which highlighted gender inequity in the global mental health research workforce in Nepal (Gurung et al.,2021). We seek to increase awareness of the underrepresentation of women in global mental health research and its consequences, and we call for change. By women, we refer to all people who identify as women, including trans people. The commentary is informed by conversations with women who are global mental health researchers in the Global North and South at various stages of their careers.
3. Gender Equality and Artificial Intelligence: SDG 5 and the Role of the UN in Fighting Stereotypes, Biases, and Gender Discrimination Fabian Lütz Gender inequalities and discrimination are a global problem affecting all countries of the United Nations (UN). Since the rise of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithms, new challenges have arisen for achieving gender equality. While some argue that digital technologies could be an opportunity to overcome some of the gender inequalities, many warn of the new dangers associated with the use of AI and algorithms, particularly for disadvantaged groups of society suffering from inequalities in their daily life since centuries ago. To assess the UN’s role of preserving gender equality in the age of algorithms, this chapter is framed by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), especially SDG 5, and includes a brief overview of the broader policy and institutional framework of the UN. It is argued here that an adequate legal and policy framework with a clear gender dimension at global level is needed and that it could be achieved by involving the main gender equality actors of the UN system. Drawing on the available literature and policy proposals, the last section will sketch out some of the elements of a forward-looking, sustainable, and antifragile UN framework that could be used to address the challenges of AI for gender equality.
4. From Vera Regitz-Zagrosek. New from Switzerland: Gender medicine is the subject of a National Research Programme (NFP). It will be launched in 2024, has a volume of 11 million and is scheduled to run for 5 years. In this way, Switzerland is laying the foundations for the investigation of
the manifold issues relating to sex and gender in medical research and medicine as well as in health care. The findings from the programme are to be incorporated into future guidelines for doctors, nursing staff and the pharmaceutical industry. The applicants at the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SBFI) who made this important step possible were Beatrice Beck Schimmer, Vice President of Medicine at the University of Zurich, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek, cardiologist and founder of the Center for Gender Studies at the Charité Berlin, former visiting professor and current expert in gender medicine at the University of Zurich, Andreas Gerber-Grote, Professor of Health Economics and Care Research, Director of the Department of Health, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Suzana Atanasoski, Neurobiologist and Head of Strategic Projects University Medicine Zurich (UMZH), University of Zurich Information on the NRPs: https://lnkd. in/g429RuQH
5. How to take the bias out of algorithms Demographic-prediction algorithms can infer gender, race and ethnicity from people’s names on scientific papers, on social media or in political-donor databases. Comparisons with self-identification surveys reveal how flawed these tools can be: in one example, they misgender women 3.5 times more often than men, and racially misclassify 80% of Black people with highly educated parents. Sometimes, accuracy can be increased with tools hand-crafted with a particular population in mind. Often, researchers need to ask themselves whether it’s effective, justified and ethical to use algorithms at all. The good news is that imputation algorithms present new research opportunities. Because society’s biases are reflected in the way algorithms classify names, they could help with understanding name-based discrimination.
Nature | 7 min read
6. A primer on how to fight sexism in science [NB on participation, not gendered innovations in research content]Putting women off careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) means shutting out much-needed scientific talent, argues experimental physicist Athene Donald, a leading authority on gender-equity issues, in her new book Not Just for the Boys. It’s an enjoyable and useful primer that draws evidence from history, neuroscience and social science, writes space scientist Karly Pitman in her review. The solutions are “often obvious”, Donald says — but their need is frequently underestimated beyond the affected group. To help rectify this, Donald offers a helpful table listing practical steps individuals can take.
7. In German: "Wissenschaftsrat" in Germany published a review and mapping of Gender Studies of all fields all over Germany. https://www.wissenschaftsrat.de/download/2023/1385-23.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=12
8. Sex and gender differences in risk scores for dementia and Alzheimer's disease among cisgender, transgender, and non‐binary adults
B Brooke, Z Lidan, K Scherazad, AK Jane - Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2023Few studies have explored dementia risk according to sex and gender including for transgender and non‐binary adults. This study evaluated dementia risk factors and risk scores among cisgender, transgender, and non‐binary …
9. “What use is the legislation to me?” Contestations around the meanings of gender equality in legislation and its strategic use to drive structural change in university …
R Tildesley, MC La Barbera, E Lombardo - Gender, Work & Organization, 2023 Multiple meanings of gender equality in the implementation process provide feminist actors in institutions with opportunities to contest these meanings to address resistance against gender equality policy implementation and drive structural
10. The Relevance of Gender for Excellent Research and Innovation: An Opinion Y Galligan - Irish Journal of Academic Practice, 2023… The international Gendered Innovations project, led by Londa Schiebinger of Stanford University, had the goal to “provide scientists and engineers with practical methods of sex and gender analysis”. The project identified the benefits of “integrating …
11. Sex Differences in Blood Pressure Regulation and Hypertension: Renal, Hemodynamic, and Hormonal Mechanisms ER Drury, J Wu, JC Gigliotti, TH Le - Physiological Reviews, 2023 The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's Generation of Animals over 300 years BC. While the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in Metaphysics, the …
12. Gender-neutral Language Use in the Context of Gender Bias in Machine Translation (A Review Literature) A Kostikova - Journal of Computational and Applied Linguistics, 2023 Gender bias has become one of the central issues analysed within natural language processing (NLP) research. A main concerns in this field relates to the fact that many NLP tools and automatic machine learning systems not only reflect, but also
13. Sex Differences in Pharmacokinetics I Zucker, BJ Prendergast - 2023 Because women have been excluded from most clinical trials, assessment of sex differences in pharmacokinetics is available for a minority of currently prescribed drugs. In a 2020 analysis, substantial pharmacokinetic (PK) sex differences were …
14. Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Challenges in Healthcare Applications: A Comprehensive Review in the Context of the European GDPR Mandate M Mohammad Amini, M Jesus… - Machine Learning and …, 2023 This study examines the ethical issues surrounding the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, specifically nursing, under the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The analysis delves into how GDPR applies to healthcare AI …
15. Enhancing diversity of clinical trial populations in multiple sclerosis RA Marrie, J Chataway, BE Bierer, M Finlayson… - Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2023 Background: Demographic characteristics, social determinants of health (SDoH), health inequities, and health disparities substantially influence the general and disease-specific health outcomes of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Participants …
16. ELIXR: Towards a general purpose X-ray artificial intelligence system through alignment of large language models and radiology vision encoders S Xu, L Yang, C Kelly, M Sieniek, T Kohlberger, M Ma… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 Our approach, which we call Embeddings for Language/Image-aligned X-Rays, or ELIXR, leverages a language-aligned image encoder combined or grafted onto a fixed LLM, PaLM 2, to perform a broad range of tasks. We train this lightweight …
17. Gender Stereotypes in User-Generated Content A Kerkhof, V Reich - 2023 Gender stereotypes pose an important hurdle on the way to gender equality. It is difficult to quantify the problem, though, as stereotypical beliefs are often subconscious or not openly expressed. User-generated content (UGC) opens up …
18. Work-family habits? Exploring the persistence of traditional work-family decision making in dual-earner couples L Radcliffe, C Cassell, L Spencer - Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2023 Decisions made within the family have long been recognised as a central obstacle to achieving gender equality, not only in the home, but also in the workplace due to the interdependent relationship between work and family domains. Here we focus …
19. [PDF] Gender Inclusive Methods in Studies of STEM Practitioners K Rasmussen, J Chen, RL Colquhoun, S Frentz, L Hiatt… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 Gender inequity is one of the biggest challenges facing the STEM workforce. While there are many studies that look into gender disparities within STEM and academia, the majority of these have been designed and executed by those unfamiliar with
All best, Londa
Londa Schiebinger
Director, EU/US Gendered Innovations in Science, Health & Medicine, Engineering, and Environment Project
http://genderedinnovations.stanford.edu
John L. Hinds Professor of History of Science, Stanford University
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPST/schiebinger.html
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